The Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS) sensor is a vital safety feature in modern vehicles. These sensors monitor the tire pressure of vehicles and alert the driver if the pressure is too low or too high.
Located inside the tires, TPMS sensors use wireless communication with the vehicle’s control unit. They regularly transmit tire pressure data to the car, and the control unit monitors any changes in pressure. If the pressure is detected as too low or high, the control unit alerts the driver via the dashboard display or other warning signals.
One of the significant benefits of TPMS sensors is their role in preventing unforeseen tire failures, which could lead to dangerous situations on the road. The warnings from these sensors give drivers the opportunity to act timely and replace a malfunctioning tire.
The installation of TPMS sensors is becoming increasingly common in new vehicles, recognizing their utility and importance. For instance, since 2008, the United States has mandated TPMS sensors in all new cars.
However, there is ongoing debate among automakers about the advantages and disadvantages of TPMS sensors. Some argue that installing these sensors increases vehicle costs and complicates repair processes, while others believe cars without sensors pose greater risks to drivers.
Operation of TPMS Sensors TPMS sensors use different technologies for pressure sensing. Indirect systems estimate tire pressure by measuring vehicle weight or changes in tire diameter. However, direct systems are generally more accurate and reliable. These direct TPMS sensors are typically located in the wheels and communicate with the vehicle through an external antenna. The data is usually received by a central unit, which alerts the driver if there is a pressure discrepancy in any tire.
Maintenance and Repair of TPMS Sensors Maintenance and repair of TPMS sensors are generally not advised, and sensors are usually simply replaced. The tire and wheel are removed, the new sensor is installed, and then the tire and wheel are reassembled. However, if a sensor is faulty, the car owner might still see a warning signal even if the pressure is adequate. In this case, the sensor needs to be replaced.
This technology represents a significant step forward in automotive safety, yet it brings along new considerations for vehicle maintenance and repair.